国籍法：国籍冲突下的中国国籍是如何恢复、丧失的呢

2018年4月，国家移民管理局组建成立，负责统筹协调移民及出入境管理事项。中国法律对“移民”没有明确定义，联合国将移民界定为“无论因何原因，自愿或非自愿，且无论通过何种手段进行正常或不正常的移民并在外国居住一年以上的人”。通常所说的移民，也包含未在外国居住，但取得外国国籍或永久居住权的情况，“身体”和“身份”的一重或双重迁移。SFBC的小编带大家详细了解一下国籍问题。

InApril 2018, the National Immigration Administration was establishedto coordinate immigration and exit management. Chinese law does nothave a clear definition of "migration," but the UnitedNations defines a migrant as "a person who, for whatever reason,voluntarily or involuntarily, and by whatever means, carries outnormal or irregular migration and resides in a foreign country formore than one year." What is commonly referred to as migrationalso includes the situation of not living in a foreign country, butobtaining a foreign nationality or permanent residence, a double ordouble migration of "body" and "identity". SFBC'ssmall edition takes you to understand the nationality issue indetail.

国籍：国籍是指一个人属于某一个国家的国民或公民的法律资格，表明一个人同一个特定国家间的固定的法律联系，是国家行使属人管辖权和外交保护权的法律依据。如果父母双方为中国公民，且未加入外国籍或取得外国永久居留权，其孩子在美国出生，将同时符合美国国籍和中国国籍的获取条件，即出现大家口中的“双重国籍”问题。

Nationality:Nationality refers to the legal qualification of a person to be anational or citizen of a certain country, indicating a fixed legalconnection between a person and a specific country, and is the legalbasis for the state to exercise its jurisdiction ratione personae anddiplomatic protection. If both parents are Chinese citizens and havenot joined a foreign nationality or obtained permanent residence in aforeign country, their children born in the United States will meetthe conditions for obtaining American nationality and Chinesenationality at the same time, that is, there is a "dualnationality" problem.

一、中国人加入外国国籍的处理途径

1.Methods for Chinese nationals to acquire foreign nationality

我国《国籍法》明确规定不承认中国公民拥有双重国籍，主要有以下2种情况：

China'sNationality Law clearly stipulates that dual nationality of Chinesecitizens is not recognized, mainly under the following twocircumstances:

1、经批准退出，丧失中国国籍《国籍法》第十条：“中国公民具有下列条件之一的，可以经申请批准退出中国国籍:一、外国人的近亲属;二、定居在外国的;三、有其它正当理由。”第十一条：“申请退出中国国籍获得批准的，即丧失中国国籍。”

Article10 of the Nationality Law states: "A Chinese citizen mayrenounce Chinese nationality upon approval of his application if hemeets one of the following conditions: (1) A near relative of aforeigner; (2) domiciled in a foreign country; Third, there are othervalid reasons." Article 11: "Any person whose applicationfor renunciation of Chinese nationality is approved shall loseChinese nationality."

2、定居国外自愿取得外籍的，自动丧失。《国籍法》第九条：“定居外国的中国公民，自愿加入或取得外国国籍的，即自动丧失中国国籍。”

2,settled abroad voluntarily acquired foreign, automatically lost.Article 9 of the Nationality Law: "Any Chinese citizen who hassettled in a foreign country who voluntarily acquires or acquires aforeign nationality shall automatically lose Chinese nationality."

二、未成年人国籍冲突问题

Ii.Nationality conflicts of minors

未成年人可办理《旅行证》/一次性《出入境通行证》出入中国边境旅行证：对于以出生地为标准认定国籍的国家，例如巴西、墨西哥、美国、加拿大等，在这些国家出生的中国公民（父母任一方未取得外国国籍和外国永久居住权）孩子，出生时即存在外国国籍和中国国籍冲突的问题。

Minorscan apply for "Travel Permit"/one-time "Entry and ExitPermit" to enter and exit China border Travel Permit: Forcountries where nationality is determined by place of birth, such asBrazil, Mexico, the United States, Canada, etc., the children ofChinese citizens born in these countries (neither parent has obtainedforeign nationality or foreign permanent residence) have the problemof conflict between foreign nationality and Chinese nationality atbirth.

中华人民共和国旅行证，是替代护照使用的国际旅行证件，是以拥有中国国籍为前提。对于情况特殊的中国籍未成年人，可以向国外当地中国使领馆申请办理旅行证回国。出生即存在国籍冲突的未成年人可申办旅行证出入境中国。

TheTravel Certificate of the People's Republic of China is aninternational travel document used in place of a passport and is aprerequisite for having Chinese nationality. For Chinese minors withspecial circumstances, they may apply to the local Chinese diplomaticand consular missions abroad for a travel permit to return to China.Minors with conflicting nationalities at birth may apply for a travelpermit to enter and exit China.

如果入境中国后旅行证过期（两年有效期），再次出境中国时，可以办理一次性出入境通行证出境，前往中国驻外使领馆再次办理旅行证。

Ifthe travel permit expires after entering China (valid for two years),when leaving China again, you can apply for a one-time exit and entrypermit and apply for a travel permit again at Chinese embassies andconsulates abroad.

一次性出入境通行证：根据《公安部出入境管理局关于印发

One-timeexit and entry pass: According to the Notice of the Exit and EntryAdministration Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security on theissuance and Administration of the People's Republic of China's Entryand Exit Pass, "it is a substitute document for an ordinarypassport", and the prerequisite for processing is also to haveChinese nationality.